Aragonite
is a polymorph of the mineral calcite,
both having the chemical composition . Its structure differs
from calcite and
leads to a different crystal shape, an orthorhombic
system
with acicular crystals. By repeated twinning pseudo-hexagonal forms
result. It may be columnar or fibrous, occasionally in branching
stalactitic forms called flos-ferri (flowers of iron) from their
association with the ores at the Carthinian iron mines. Aragonite
exists naturally in the shells of chiton and other mollusks. The
fossil
shells of some
extinct ammonites form a mineral called ammolite, which is
primarily aragonite with impurities that make it iridescent
and valuable as a gemstone.