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Tetragonal crystals have three axes meeting at right angles, of which two are the same length and the third is either longer or shorter. Minerals of this system all possess a single 4-fold symmetry axis. They may possess up to four 2-fold axes of rotation, a center of inversion, and up to five mirror planes. They may be long or short, plates prisms or pyramids, but the all have a square cross section.

Nearly 10% of all minerals are included in this system, with characteristic examples being cassiterite, rutile, zircon, scheelite and chalcopyrite.


  • 3 crystallographic axes that make right angles with each other
  • 2 horizontal axes of equal length, vertical axis is of a different length
  • Unique 4-fold symmetry

 

 
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